Errata and Retractions

Errata

An erratum notice will be issued when it is necessary to rectify an error or omission by the journal after publication, provided that this may influence the publication record or the reputation of the authors or the journal itself, without compromising the academic integrity of the article.

Each error will be accompanied by a specific notice providing detailed information on the nature of the error and the modifications made to the document.

In such cases, the article shall be corrected by adding a note at the end referring to the erratum notice. In addition, an erratum or correction notice will be published independently, linked to the revised version. This erratum or correction document will be duly paginated and will have a DOI.

Retractions

A retraction notice will be issued in the event that a significant error compromises the conclusions of the article, or if misconduct is detected in the research or publication process. Authors have the option to request retraction of their papers provided that their reasons meet the criteria established for such action.

Retraction will be considered in the following circumstances: if there is compelling evidence that the results are unreliable, either because of misconduct (such as falsification of data or manipulation of images) or errors (such as computational or experimental errors); if the results have been previously published elsewhere without proper references, permission, or justification; if the research involves plagiarism; if evidence of fraudulent authorship is presented; if there is evidence of compromised peer review; or if unethical research practices and violations of professional ethical codes are detected.

Once it is decided to proceed with the retraction of an article, a watermark indicating “article retracted” will be added to the published version. In addition, the phrase “Article retracted: [article title]” will be placed before the title of the paper. A separate retraction statement, entitled “#Retraction: [article title]”, will be generated and linked to the article in question and signed by the Editor of the journal. This statement will be paginated and assigned a DOI.

Elimination of articles

Removal of an article will be made only in exceptional situations where the problems are of such gravity that they cannot be resolved through a correction or retraction notice. This action will be justified in specific cases, such as when the content is manifestly defamatory or infringes legal rights, when there is a court order requiring it, or when the lack of action may represent a serious risk to public health.

In the event that an article is removed, the corresponding metadata, such as author and title, will be retained. The original text will be replaced by a document explaining that the article has been removed for legal reasons or other relevant considerations.