Uso sostenible de la cascarilla de arroz para productos de valor añadido

Autores/as

  • Dannette Bernice Robinson Ubau Programa de Investigación, Estudios Nacionales y Servicios del Ambiente, PIENSA. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, UNI, Nicaragua.
  • Derling Uriel Torres Martínez Programa de Investigación, Estudios Nacionales y Servicios del Ambiente, PIENSA. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, UNI, Nicaragua.
  • Henry Javier Vílchez Pérez Empresa Extraceite S.A., Nicaragua.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5377/elhigo.v12i1.14516

Palabras clave:

Cáscara de arroz, Valorización, Pirólisis, Catálisis, Biochar, Bioaceite

Resumen

En este artículo se hace una revisión exhaustiva de la conversión termoquímica de la cáscara de arroz (CA) en productos de valor añadido. La cáscara de arroz es un residuo orgánico que se produce en volúmenes considerables en Nicaragua, representando una fuente viable de productos de valor añadido a partir de procesos termoquímicos. Las propiedades de la CA y las condiciones de funcionamiento afectan la calidad y el rendimiento de los productos de bioaceite, biochar y en la elaboración de concreto. Se revisaron sistemáticamente las técnicas de conversión, como la gasificación, la pirólisis lenta y rápida, y la distribución de los productos. La bibliografía muestra que los catalizadores basados en níquel (Ni) demostraron una alta actividad en el craqueo de compuestos de alquitrán e hidrocarburos, mejoraron la calidad del gas y obtuvieron una alta producción de hidrógeno. Las cenizas de CA también se utilizan como material cementante alternativo en el sector de la construcción. El nivel óptimo de sustitución del cemento por cenizas de CA en el concreto es del 15-20%, y se observa una mayor resistencia a la compresión en el concreto con cenizas de CA que en el concreto de cemento convencional.

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Biografía del autor/a

Dannette Bernice Robinson Ubau , Programa de Investigación, Estudios Nacionales y Servicios del Ambiente, PIENSA. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, UNI, Nicaragua.

Graduada en Ingeniería Ambiental por la Universidad Centroamericana (UCA) y egresado como maestro en Ingeniería Ambiental, por la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (UNI), consultora en Gestión ambiental e hidrogeología, con domicilio en Km 10.5 carretera Masaya, correo electrónico ing.drobinson@gmail.com

Derling Uriel Torres Martínez, Programa de Investigación, Estudios Nacionales y Servicios del Ambiente, PIENSA. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, UNI, Nicaragua.

Graduado en Ingeniería Civil y egresado como maestro en Ingeniería Ambiental, por la Universidad Nacional  de Ingeniería (UNI), Consultor en Ingeniería Sanitaria y Ambiental, con domicilio en Cedro Galán distrito III Managua, correo electrónico d.urielt@yahoo.es

Henry Javier Vílchez Pérez, Empresa Extraceite S.A., Nicaragua.

Henry Javier Vílchez Pérez, graduado  en  ingeniería civil y maestro en Ingeniería Ambiental, por la  Universidad  Nacional  de Ingeniería (UNI), estudios doctorales en el Instituto de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; con una amplia experiencia en trabajos de investigación   de aguas residuales Urbanas e industriales, así como, gestión de residuos sólidos urbanos y FORSU; docente de posgrado en maestría de ciencias del agua Centro para la Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de Nicaragua CIRA/UNAN-Managua y Programa de Investigación, Estudios Nacionales y Servicios del Ambiente de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería en la maestría de Ingeniería Ambiental.

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Publicado

2022-06-30

Cómo citar

Robinson Ubau , D. B. ., Torres Martínez, D. U. ., & Vílchez Pérez, H. J. . (2022). Uso sostenible de la cascarilla de arroz para productos de valor añadido. El Higo Revista Científica, 12(1), 2–27. https://doi.org/10.5377/elhigo.v12i1.14516

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